{"id":3927,"date":"2025-03-22T17:11:44","date_gmt":"2025-03-22T08:11:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.dev.vietcafe-learning.com\/material\/?p=3927"},"modified":"2025-03-22T17:11:44","modified_gmt":"2025-03-22T08:11:44","slug":"grammar18","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/en.dev.vietcafe-learning.com\/material\/grammar18\/","title":{"rendered":"Grammar18: Comparison"},"content":{"rendered":"

In this lesson, we will learn how to express comparisons in Vietnamese.<\/p>\n

When using words that describe states (such as adjectives) for comparison, there are three types of comparison structures in Vietnamese:<\/p>\n

Equal Comparison (So s\u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

To say “A is as ~ as B”, use “b\u1eb1ng”.<\/p>\n

A<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 Adjectives\u00a0 +\u00a0 b\u1eb1ng<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 B<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\n

Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2460 C\u00e1i c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y d\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng<\/span><\/strong> c\u00e1i c\u1ea7u kia.
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 This bridge is as long as that bridge.<\/p>\n

\u2461 Nam cao b\u1eb1ng<\/span><\/strong> Minh.
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 Nam is as tall as Minh.<\/p>\n

\u2462 T\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ecdt b\u1eb1ng<\/span> <\/strong>t\u00e1o M\u1ef9.
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 Vietnamese apples are not as sweet as American apples.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

There is another way to express equal comparison:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n

A<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 v\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 B<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 Adjectives\u00a0 +\u00a0 b\u1eb1ng nhau<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\n

Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2463 T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y v\u00e0<\/strong> <\/span>t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 kia cao<\/span> <\/strong>b\u1eb1ng nhau<\/strong>.<\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 This building and that building are equally tall.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Comparative Degree (So s\u00e1nh h\u01a1n)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

To say “A is ~er than B” (e.g., “A is taller than B”), use “h\u01a1n”.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0A<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 Adjectives\u00a0 +\u00a0 h\u01a1n<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 B<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\n

Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2460Ch\u1ecb Mai tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n<\/span><\/strong> ch\u1ecb Lan.
\n\u00a0 \u00a0Mai is younger than Lan.<\/p>\n

\u2461M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n<\/span><\/strong> m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.
\n\u00a0 \u00a0Winter in Korea is colder than winter in Vietnam.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Superlative Degree (So s\u00e1nh nh\u1ea5t)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

To say “A is the most ~” (e.g., “A is the tallest”), use “nh\u1ea5t”.<\/p>\n

A<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 l\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 Adjectives\u00a0 +\u00a0 nh\u1ea5t<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\n
\n

Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2460 V\u1edbi t\u00f4i, hoa h\u1ed3ng<\/span> l\u00e0 <\/span>\u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t<\/span><\/strong> trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i hoa.
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 For me, roses are the most beautiful among all flowers.<\/p>\n

\u2461 Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n<\/span> l\u00e0 <\/span>d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 Spring weather is the most pleasant.<\/p>\n

\u2462 \u1ede Nh\u1eadt, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e1ng 12<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 <\/span>l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u00a0\u3000In Japan, December is not the coldest month.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Question Sentences in State Comparison<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Equal Comparison Questions (So s\u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 c\u00f3\u00a0<\/span> +\u00a0 Adjectives\u00a0 +\u00a0 b\u1eb1ng<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 B<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 kh\u00f4ng? <\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
\n
A\u00a0 +\u00a0 v\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 B +\u00a0 c\u00f3<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 Adjectives\u00a0 +\u00a0 b\u1eb1ng nhau kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n

A: T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y c\u00f3<\/span><\/strong> cao b\u1eb1ng<\/span><\/strong> t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 kia kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/strong>?
\n\u00a0 \u00a0Is this building as tall as that building?
\nB: V\u00e2ng, t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y v\u00e0<\/strong> t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 kia cao b\u1eb1ng nhau<\/span><\/strong>.
\n\u00a0 \u00a0Yes, this building and that building are equally tall.
\nOR
\nA: T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y v\u00e0<\/strong> t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 kia c\u00f3<\/strong><\/span> cao b\u1eb1ng nhau kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/strong>?
\n\u00a0 \u00a0Are this building and that building equally tall?
\nB: Kh\u00f4ng, t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y cao h\u01a1n<\/span><\/strong> t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 kia.
\n\u00a0 \u00a0No, this building is taller than that building.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Comparative Degree Questions (So s\u00e1nh h\u01a1n)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 c\u00f3\u00a0<\/span> +\u00a0 Adjectives\u00a0 +\u00a0 h\u01a1n<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 B<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\n

Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n

A: M\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u1edf Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n<\/span><\/strong> m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/strong>?
\n\u00a0 \u00a0Is summer in France hotter than summer in Vietnam?
\nB: Kh\u00f4ng, m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u1edf Ph\u00e1p m\u00e1t<\/strong> h\u01a1n<\/strong><\/span> m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.
\n\u00a0 \u00a0No, summer in France is cooler than summer in Vietnam.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Superlative Degree Questions (So s\u00e1nh nh\u1ea5t)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0<\/span>\u00a0 +\u00a0 Adjectives\u00a0 +\u00a0 nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\n

Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n

A: \u1ede Ph\u00e1p, th\u00e1ng 12 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0<\/span> l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t<\/span><\/strong> kh\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/span>?
\n\u00a0 \u00a0Is December the coldest month in France?
\nB: Kh\u00f4ng, th\u00e1ng 12 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0<\/span> <\/strong>th\u00e1ng l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t<\/span><\/strong>.
\n\u00a0 \u00a0No, December is not the coldest month.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\n